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Review - Spring Chapter 10 Multiple Choice: circle the best answer 

1. |||| 22.4 liters of a gas at STP are equal to? || A) || 1 gram || B) || 6.02  1023 grams || C) || 1 mole || D) || 22.4 moles ||



2. |||| Pressure is created by gas particles || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Being dependent on one another. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Being attracted to one another. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Bouncing off of each other and objects. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Being independent of one another. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">3. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">When a gas sample in a closed container has its pressure decreased by a factor of four, what happens to its volume? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It decreases by a factor of 4. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It increases by a factor of 4. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It neither decreases nor increases. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">none of the above ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">4. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What happens to the pressure of a gas when its temperature decreases, all other factors being equal? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The pressure increases. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The pressure decreases. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The pressure remains equal. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B or C ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">5. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">When gases react according to a balanced chemical equation, such as <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> 2H2(g) + O2 (g)  2 H2O(g), what do the coefficients represent? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the gas masses in grams that react || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the gas pressures in atm that react || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the gas volumes in liters that react || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">none of the above ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">6. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">When combined, what gas laws are simply called “the combined gas law?” || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Charles', Gay-Lussac's, and Avogadro's || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Boyle's, Avogrdro's, and Gay-Lussac's || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Boyle's, Charles', and Gay-Lussac's || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Avogadro's, Boyle's, and Charles' ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">7. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">O2(g) + N2(g)  2 NO(g) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">cannot tell from the information given || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1 liters || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">2 liter || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">3 liters ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">ased on the equation below, how much N2 is needed to make 2 liters of NO?

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">8. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3 represents what gas law? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Avogadro’s law || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The combined gas law || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Boyles law || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Dalton’s law of partial pressure ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">9. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In the ideal gas law, what is R? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the gas constant, 8.021 L.atm/mol.K || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the universal gas constant, 0.082 L.atm/mol.K || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the gas constant, 8.314 L.atm/mol.K || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the universal gas constant, 8.314 L.atm/mol.K ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">10. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What are taggants? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Micron-sized polymer chips embedded in explosives || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Materials that accelerate an explosion || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Materials that modify an explosion || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Small, non-explosive molecules in explosives ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Problems: show all work in the space provided, circle the correct answer. Don’t forget units. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">11. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the pressure if there are 0.62 moles of helium in a container that is 2.00 L, and at a temperature of 24.0oC? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> 12. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A gas at 34oC has a volume of 45 L. If its temperature is changed to 55oC, what is the new volume? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">13. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the temperature of a 1.5 L container of hydrogen gas at 2.5 atm, if it is pressurized to 8.5 atm, at a volume of 3.4L and a temperature of 45.6oC. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">14. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">If nitrogen gas in a 8.0 L container at a pressure of 3.4 atm is compressed to 3.5 L, what is the resulting pressure? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">15. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A gas evolved during the fermentation of sugar was collected at 22.5oC and 802 mmHg. After purification its volume was found to be 25.0 L. How many moles of gas were collected? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">16. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">I place 0.5 moles of N2 and some oxygen in a 40L container at a temperature of 350 oC. The total pressure of the container is 4 atm. What is the pressure exerted by the oxygen? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">17. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A toy balloon has an internal pressure of 1.2 atm and a volume of 3.0 L. If the temperature where the balloon is released is 22o C, what will happen to the volume when the balloon rises to an altitude where the pressure is 0.55 atm and the temperature is –12o C? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">18. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What volume in liters will 8.0 moles of neon occupy at STP? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Short answer/essay. Thoroughly answer each question. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">19. || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A. State the four parts of the Kinetic Molecular Theory. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> B. Based on the Kinetic Molecular Theory, describe why gases are compressible. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">20. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Read the statements below and state whether or not you agree or disagree with the statement. Use the kinetic theory to support your opinion. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a.) Gases have no set volume <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">b.) As volume increases temperature decreases <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">21. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In the case study, how did the officials find the person responsible for the explosion? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">22. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Describe an everyday application of Boyle's Law (pressure and volume). ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">23. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is STP? Be very detailed. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Chapter 9 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Multiple Choice: choose the best answer. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What did the prosecution claim Kenny Richey had stolen to start a fire? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">paint thinner || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">propane and paint thinner || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">gasoline and paint thinner || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">lighter fluid ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">2. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The First Law of Thermodynamics also goes by another name—what is it? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the law of conservation of energy || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the law of conservation of mass || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the law of conservation of phase || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the law of conservation of calories ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">3. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">When two or more objects touch and reach the same temperature, this condition is called || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">static equilibrium || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">isotonic equilibrium || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">dynamic equilibrium || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">thermal equilibrium ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">4. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In the lab using a constant pressure calorimeter (the Styrofoam cups), how do you find the final temperature of the metal? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">You take the metal and either hold it in your hand or place it on the lab bench, and use a thermometer to get the best temperature. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Take the final temperature of the water. Thermal equilibrium makes it equal to the final temperature of the metal || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Substract the final temperature of the water from the initial temperature of the boiling water and divide by the mass. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It has something to with the q’s. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">5. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">When first using a cold pack, the directions say to squeeze the center until a popping noise is heard. This allows the reactants to mix. What type of reaction is occurring? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Exothermic || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Poikiothermic || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Endothermic || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ectothermic ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">6. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In the compound H2SO4, what is the oxidation number of S? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">+6 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">0 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">–2 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">–4 ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">7. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The oxidation number of hydrogen in both sides of the following reaction <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> 2 C2H6 + 7 O2  4 CO2 + 6 H2O, are the same. What is that number? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">0 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">+1 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">–1 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">There is not enough information to tell. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">8. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the oxidation number of Li in the compound Li2S? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">+1 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">–1 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">+2 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">–2 ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">9. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In the following reaction, how does the oxidation number of Oxygen change: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">CH4 + 2 O2  CO2 + 2 H2O? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It goes from 0 to +2. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It goes from 0 to –2. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It does not change. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">There is not enough information to tell. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">10. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What do **all** exothermic reactions produce? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">heat || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">light || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">smoke || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">fumes ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">11. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What physical change occurs at the melting point of a material? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">liquid becomes gas || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">solid becomes gas || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">liquid becomes solid || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">solid becomes liquid ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">12. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">How is specific heat defined? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the amount of heat needed to raise 1 mole of material 1oF || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the amount of heat needed to raise 1 g of material 1oF || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the amount of heat needed to raise 1 mole of material 1oC || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the amount of heat needed to raise 1 g of material 1oC ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">13. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What intermolecular forces account for the much higher specific heat capacity of water than of metals? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Induced dipoles || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Hydrogen bonding || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ion-dipole || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">None of the above ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">14. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The amount of energy required to convert a liquid to a gas is known as what? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the heat of vaporization || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the heat of conversion || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the heat of gasification || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the heat of nebulization ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">15. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the SI unit of heat energy? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the joule || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the calorie || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the coulomb || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the oC ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Math: Show all work, circle your answer, and don’t forget units. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">16. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">When a 213.0 g sample of copper is raised in temperature from 22.0oC to 95.0oC, what amount of heat is produced? The specific heat of copper is 0.38 J/goC ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">17. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Find the mass of a piece of aluminum that is heated to 100oC before being immersed in a calorimeter with 300 g of water at 22.0oC. The temperature of the water rises to a temperature of 28.5oC. Specific heat of water = 4.184 J/goC and the specific heat of aluminum is 0.90 J/goC. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">18. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the heat of combustion of ethanol in **J/g** if it is 10.0 Cal/g. (1cal = 4.184 J, <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1Cal = 1000cal) ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">19. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Calculate the mass of kerosene needed to produce 12,455 J of energy if the heat of combustion for kerosene is 250 J/g. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Short answer/essay. Thoroughly answer each question.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">20. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Draw and label the parts of the fire triangle. Explain the significance of the fire triangle. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">21. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Why is the activation energy of a reaction important? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">22. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the difference between flashover and backdraft? How can each be prevented? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">23. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In your opinion, was Kenny Richey innocent or guilty? State two facts from the case supporting your opinion. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">24. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the purpose of a calorimeter? Describe two types. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">25. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A forest fire is giving off billowing white smoke, yet 50 miles away part of the same forest fire is sending up clouds of black smoke. What is the difference between the two fires? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">26. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Explain the process by which petroleum is refined. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">27. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Write a balanced chemical equation for the combustion of the following: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ethane
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C8H160

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">28. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In the equations below, identify the element that is reduced and the element that is oxidized. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">CH4  + O2 → CO2  + H2O
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">K + H2O → KOH + H2 ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Chapter 7 – handed out in class due to diagrams <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Chapter 6 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Multiple choice: circle the best answer.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Attractive forces that exist between particles are called what? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">intermolecular forces || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">intramolecular forces || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">heteromolecular forces || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">intravenous-molecular forces ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">2. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In our chapter scenario, what was the first indicator that something was wrong with the administering of pain medication? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The narcotics locker was tampered with. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Patients continued to complain of pain. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Nurses reported lost pain medication. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Syringes had been stolen. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">3. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In what type of compounds is the dipole-dipole force present? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">compounds in which a dipole can be induced || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">compounds with two dipoles directly aligned || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">compounds that contain a permanent dipole || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">compounds with no dipole ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">4. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Why are narcotics controlled substances? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">because of the potential for abuse of them || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">because of their medicinal value || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">because of their cost || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">because of the difficulty of manufacture of them ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">5. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The interpretation of blood spatter involves what property of liquids? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">that liquids have unique densities || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">that liquids form spherical droplets || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">that liquid volume:surface area ratios are constant || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">that liquid surface areas are constant ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">6. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">How is an induced dipole created? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">by an electron positioning next to it || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">by the presence of a dipole next to it || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">by dipoles placed on both sides of it || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">by an electron inversion near it ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">7. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">London dispersion forces are considered to be what? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">strong intermolecular forces || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">strong intramolecular forces || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">weak intermolecular forces || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">weak intramolecular forces ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">8. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">To what is the positive region of a polar molecule attracted? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a magnet || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the positive region of a neighboring molecule || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">the negative region of a neighboring molecule || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">to a non-polar molecule, thus inducing a dipole ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">9. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which bond would have the greatest dipole? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Si-H || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">H-H || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">O-H || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Br-H ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">10. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which of the following would have no dipole? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">H-H || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">H-F || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">H-C || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">H-Cl ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">11. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which of the following will form hydrogen bonds? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">methanol, CH3OH || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">water, H2O || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">neither of the above || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">both of the above ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">12. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">How can vapor pressure of a liquid be increased? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">add a solute to the liquid || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">decrease the kinetic energy of the material || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">cool the material || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">heat the material ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">13. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">How does boiling an unknown sample of water allow you to determine if it is pure water or a solution? (you are at sealevel) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In pure water, the b.p. should be below 100oC || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In pure water, the b.p. should be above 100oC. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In a solution, the b.p. should be lower than 100oC. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In a solution, the b.p. should be higher than 100oC. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">14. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">How is molality defined? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">moles of solute per kilograms of solution or solvent || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">moles of solute per grams of solution or solvent || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">moles of solute per liters of solution or solvent || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">moles of solute per mililiters of solution or solvent ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">15. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the one factor upon which boiling point elevation depends? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">number of particles in solution || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">size of particles in solution || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">charges of particles in solution || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">types of particles in solution ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">16. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is occurring at the freezing point of a liquid? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Some liquid phase molecules are slowing and becoming solid. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Some of the solid molecules have enough energy to become liquid. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">both of the above || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">neither of the above ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">17. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which of the following should depress a freezing point the **__most__** if all have the same molality? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">NaCl || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Na2SO4 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">KCl || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">LiCl ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">18. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which of the following is the proper order for the listed compounds, from **__least to greatest__** elevation of the boiling point of water, assuming the same molality? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">NaCl, FeCl3, MgCl2 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">MgCl2, NaCl, FeCl3 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">NaCl, MgCl2, FeCl3 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">FeCl3, MgCl2, NaCl ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">19. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the process called when particles in a solution move from a region of high concentration in some random fashion to a region of lower concentration? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">dilution || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">effusion || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">diffusion || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">osmosis ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">20. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Osmotic pressure prevents what? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a net change in volume across a semi-permeable membrane || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a loss of solvent through a semi-permeable membrane || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a loss of solute particles through a semi-permeable membrane || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a net change in mass across a semi-permeable membrane ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> **Kbp = 0.512oC/m** and **Kfp = -1.85oC/m** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Math: __**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> Show all work and circle your answer. Do not forget units and watch significant figures.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">21. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the freezing point temperature of an aqueous solution made with 0.20 m KBr? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">22. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the molality of a solution of 13.5g of CaS in 100 g of water? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">23. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the boiling point of a 500g aqueous solution with 54.5g of C6H12O6? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">24. What is the molality of an aqueous solution of KF if the freezing point is -4.5oC? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Short answer/essay: Thoroughly answer each question. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">25. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Define dipole – induced - dipole and ion-dipole? Explain how the two are similar and how they are different. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">26. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the role of osmosis in a hypotonic solution? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">27. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">When a solute is added to a solvent, why does the freezing point decrease? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">28. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Explain why intermolecular forces have an effect on the boiling/freezing point, and state of matter. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">29. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Explain surface tension. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">30. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Define and explain the difference between induced dipole and hydrogen bond. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Chapter 5 <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">MULTIPLE CHOICE: circle the best answer **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which would be more harmful, a weak acid or a strong acid? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Both are equally harmful || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The strong acid || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The weak acid || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It depends on which strong acid is being used. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">2. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">An acid donates a _________________ and a base donates a __________________ || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Metal ion, metal ion || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">H**+,** OH**+** || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">OH**-**, H**-** || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">H**+**, OH**-** ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">3. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Why is a molecular compound like ethylene glycol soluble in water? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Both are non-polar molecules. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Both are polar molecules. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Both are small molecules. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Both are liquid-state molecules. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">4. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In general, when an aqueous solution is heated, what happens to the solubility of ionic compounds within it? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Solubility decreases. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Solubility increases. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Kinetic energy is added by the solute. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Kinetic energy is removed by the solute. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">5. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Identify the weak electrolyte. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">H2SO4 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">HF || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">HCl || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">HNO3 ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">6. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Why does powdered sugar dissolve in water more rapidly than a sugar cube? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">greater surface area of the powder || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">more kinetic energy in the powdered sample || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">greater concentration in the sugar cube || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">greater density of the sugar cube ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">7. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A solution with a pH = 8.5 is said to be what? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">acidic || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">basic || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">neutral || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">can't tell from the information given ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">8. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is a strong electrolyte? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a compound that completely forms ions in solution and conducts electricity || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a compound that only partially forms molecules in solution and conducts electricity || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a compound that completely forms molecules in solution and conducts electricity || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a compound that only partially forms ions in solution and conducts electricity ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">9. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which compound could be an electrolyte? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">SO3 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">NO2 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">CH4 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">MgCl2 ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">10. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Of the group, SO2, SO3, and CO, which are non-electrolytes? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">SO2 and SO3 are non-electrolytes. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">SO2 and CO are non-electrolytes. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">All are non-electrolytes. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">All are electrolytes. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">11. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is a supersaturated solution? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">one that contains more than the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">one that contains less than the maximum amount of solvent that can be dissolved. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">one that contains the maximum amount of solution that can be dissolved. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">one that contains more than the maximum amount of a salt that can be dissolved. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">12. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What kind of salt is NaCN? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">insoluble || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">soluble || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">sparingly soluble || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">an insoluble solid ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">13. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The addition of KOH to HCl is what kind of reaction? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a reduction–oxidation that does not make a precipitate || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a reduction–oxidation that makes a precipitate || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a neutralization that makes salt and water || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">an addition that makes salt and water ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">14. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">CaCO3 should be what, according to the solubility table? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">supersaturatable || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">soluble || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">insoluble || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">molecular ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">15. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Saponification is? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Grave wax || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A new type of reactions || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The reaction of NaOH with animal fat to make soap || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A new pH scale ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">16. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">NaOH is classified as what kind of compound? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">weak base || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">strong acid || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">strong base || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">weak acid ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">17. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">CaS should behave how in water? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It should be insoluble. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It should be a molecular solid. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It should be supersaturatable. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">It should be soluble. ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">18. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which cation can make an insoluble product with Cl– in water? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Na+ || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ag+ || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ca2+ || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">K+ ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">19. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The pH scale |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Is a base 10 scale || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Goes from 0-14 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Was developed Soren Sorenson || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">All of the above || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">E) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A and C only ||||  ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">20. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">If the reaction AgNO3 + NaCl  NaNO3 + AgCl were written out as a total ionic reaction, which ions would be the spectator ions? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ag+ and NO3– || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Na+ and Ag+ || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Na+ and NO3– || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Cl– and NO3– ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Math: Show all work. Circle your final answer. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">21. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the molarity of a solution made from 0.25 **moles** of KBr and 0.80 L of water? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">22. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A solution made from 19.0 g of NaBr and 1.5L of water has what molarity? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">23. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">If 300 mL of a 1.5 M solution is diluted to 750 mL, what is the molarity of the new solution? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">24. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the [H+] concentration of a solution with a pH = 6? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">25. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the pH of a solution with the [H+] = 2.4x10-6? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">26. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The solubility of potassium cyanide is 50.0g/100mL. Would a solution of 22.5g/84mL be saturated, unsaturated, or supersaturated? (Show your math to support your answer) ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Short answer/essay: thoroughly answer each question. **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">27. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Name the following acids and bases **and identify** as an acid or a base. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">b. HBr ________________________________ _____________________ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">c. HNO3 ______________________________ _____________________ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||
 * 1) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">KOH ______________________________ _____________________

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">28. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">List two things that can increase the rate at which a substance is dissolved? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">29. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Define electrolyte. Explain the relationship between a strong electrolyte, a weak electrolyte, a strong base and a weak base. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">30. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Explain the purpose of a buffer, how one is made, and how it works.. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">31. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Predict the products and write the net ionic for the following: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Silver nitrate + aluminum chloride → ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">32. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Give an example of a neutralization reaction. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">33. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">List three characteristics of an acid and three characteristics of a base. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">34. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Explain why water is considered the universal solvent. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">35. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Briefly explain why so many fish died in the White River near Anderson, Indiana. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">36. ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Use the graph below to answer the following questions. ** ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Graph doesn't show up <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Identify the area that is supersaturated and the area that is saturated. (you may indicate your answer on the graph or describe the area below) ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">b. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the saturation point at 60oC? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">c. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">If the graph is the solubility curve for KNO3, name the solute and the solvent. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">d. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">At what temperature is the saturation point 80g/100mL? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Chapter 8 some diagrams will not show up  <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Multiple choice: choose the best answer

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">1. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which of the following happens with the valence bond theory? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Electrons must not be shared. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Orbitals must overlap. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Orbitals must not overlap. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Electrons must remain localized. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">2. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What do the valence shells of all the noble gas elements have in common? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a large size for its row on the periodic table || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a high ability to lose electrons || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a filled electron shell || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a high affinity for further electrons ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">3. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The correct Lewis dot structure for calcium is? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">4. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Which is the correct Lewis dot structure for Germanium? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">5. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">How is ethane (C2H6) best represented by a Lewis structure? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">                || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">6. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What does the double line, two lines on top of each other, represent in Lewis structures? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A 6-electron triple bond || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A 4-electron double bond || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A 2-electron double bond || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A 4-electron triple bond ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">7. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the correct Lewis structure for methyl chloride, CClH3? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">8. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is wrong with this structure for gaseous hydrogen chloride: H – F? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The lone pair electrons of hydrogen are not shown here. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">There are lone pair electrons on the fluorine which are not shown here. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The bond between the two atoms should be a double bond. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Nothing, the structure is correct. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">9. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is the best Lewis structure representation of formaldehyde, CH2O? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">10. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A linear shaped molecule has what bond angle? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">180o || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">109.5o <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">10 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">120o || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">90o ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">11. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What does valence shell electron pair repulsion theory help determine? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">atomic geometry || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">molecular geometry || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">molecular size || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">atomic size ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">12. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What shape does carbon tetrabromide have? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a triangular pyramid || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a square pyramid || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a square plane || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a tetrahedron ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">13. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Any molecule that has a central atom with no lone pairs, and three other, equivalent atoms connected to it, has what shape? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">square || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">triangular || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">tetrahedral || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">trigonal planar ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">14. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ionic bonds form through the || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Sharing of electrons || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Give and take of electrons || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Overlap of core electrons || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Giving away of valence and core electrons ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">15. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What trend do the noble gases display in relation to electronegativity? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Electronegativity decreases as one goes down the noble gas column. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Electronegativity increases as one goes down the noble gas column. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The noble gases are all considered to have a electronegativity. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">For this column, there is no trend in electronegativity differences. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">16. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">How is the N–Br bond described? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">pure covalent || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">polar covalent || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">nonpolar covalent || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">ionic ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">17. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What determines the charge an ion will have? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Total number of electrons || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Valence electrons || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Number of valence electrons given away or received || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">None of the above ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">18. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">In what type of molecule is a resonance structure needed? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Whenever a double bond can be positioned twice between two atoms with different electronegativities. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Whenever a double bond can be positioned between two atoms with the same electronegativity. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Whenever placement of a single bond can be in two positions that result in equivalent Lewis structures. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Whenever placement of a double bond can be in two positions that result in equivalent Lewis structures. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">19. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is an antibody? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A molecule specifically produced by the body to attack foreign antigens || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">an antigen specifically produced by the body to attack foreign antigens || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">a molecule specifically produced by the body to attack foreign antibiotics || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">an antigen specifically produced by the body to attack foreign antibiotics ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">20. |||| <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">VSEPR theory takes into account what two factors when determining molecular geometry? || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">A) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The location of lone pair valence electrons, plus the number of bonds. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">B) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The size and location of lone pair valence electrons, plus the location of bonds. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">C) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The location of lone pair valence electrons, and the location and number of bonds. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">D) || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">The location of lone pair valence electrons, and the length of single and double bonds. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Short answer: thoroughly answer each question.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">21. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What determines whether a compound will form an ionic or a covalent bond? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">22. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What are resonant structures? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">23. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is wrong with the statement, “nonpolar molecules must always be composed of nonpolar bonds?” ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">24. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What are stereoisomers? ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">25. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Explain the function of neurotransmitters and by what means many illegal drugs affect the human brain. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">26. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What is an immunoassay? ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">27. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Draw the Lewis Structure for MgF2 ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">28. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Ionic bonds are known as the stronger bond. Explain this statement. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">29. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">What are valence electrons and how do you obtain this information from the periodic table? ||

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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">30. || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Draw the Lewis Structure for dihydrogen monosulfide. ||

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">31. Explain the scientific reason that allowed Christina Martin to have a second trial? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> 32. Complete the chart below:

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Compound **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Valence Electrons ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Lewis Structure **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Shape ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Polar or Nonpolar molecule ** || **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Bond angle ** || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">PH3 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">SO42- || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">SF2 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">S2 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">CBr3+1 || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">  || <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"> ||

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